Few dishes are as iconic as fish and chips, but where did this beloved British classic come from? Its story stretches back centuries and reflects Britain’s immigrant heritage, industrial growth and working-class culture. Read on to discover the origin of fish and chips in Britain.
The Origin of Fish and Chips
Fried fish arrived in Britain in the 17th century, brought by Sephardic Jewish immigrants from Portugal and Spain. Their recipe for pescado frito — white fish coated in flour and fried in oil — quickly became popular in London.
Chips came later. By the early 19th century, fried potatoes were a common street food in France and Belgium, and soon made their way across the Channel to Britain.
The pairing of fried fish and chips was a natural fit — affordable, filling and tasty.
The First Fish and Chip Shops
The first dedicated fish and chip shops opened in the 1860s, though two places compete for the crown:
- London (1860): Joseph Malin, a Jewish immigrant, is credited with opening the first shop in the East End, combining fried fish with hot chips.
- Lancashire (1863–64): John Lees is said to have been serving fish and chips from a wooden hut in Mossley before opening a permanent shop.
Both stories underline how fish and chips became a working-class staple during the Industrial Revolution.
A National Favourite
By the late 19th century, fish and chip shops spread across Britain’s towns and cities. Cheap potatoes, improved rail links bringing fresh fish inland, and the demand for hearty meals made the dish a hit with factory and mill workers.
By the early 20th century, fish and chips were firmly established as Britain’s national dish, a symbol of comfort and community that continues to thrive today.
Best Fish and Chips in UK
Many places claim to have the best fish and chips in the UK, but generally Whitby in Yorkshire is deemed to be the best place to try British fish and chips for the first time. Nothing tastes better with fish and chips than a great pint of beer. Discover the pubs and microbreweries of Derby.
